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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00210_Field_210.txt
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1996-12-31
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Drawing
Making things look as we
perceive them does not always
depend on exactly copying our
retinal image. In some cases,
distortion is responsible for a
product of enhanced clarity. At
the Parthenon, all vertical
elements cant slightly inward
and all horizontals are convex.
The result is a composition
whose complexity lends to an
aesthetic drama, contrived for
visual effect, yet carried out in
the same mathematical order
with which the whole of the
building was organized. This
drawing, and the one that
follows, represent the
distortion of vertical and
horizontal elements in an
exaggerated form. (Courtesy of
Joshua P. Teas)
Psychologists have often
thought that what one draws
can be taken to be a good index
of what one perceives. For
example, children at a certain
age will often copy letters
backward. Does that mean they
perceive an S as an S? If they
did, they should draw the S
correctly because, once drawn,
it too should be perceived
backward. Otherwise the
drawing and the letter copied
ought to look different. A
similar problem arises with the
interpretation that some art
historians make of El GrecoΓÇÖs
elongated paintings of people--
namely, that he suffered from
astigmatism, a defect in the
lens that can stretch the
image. There is an error in
reasoning here that has been
called the El Greco fallacy. If El
Greco misperceived the shape of
people, he should also have
misperceived his paintings of
them; only by painting them
correctly would he have
misperceived both in the same
way. Otherwise, his paintings
would have looked different to
him than did the object
painted.